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形容词性从句(定语从句)对于定语从句，两个概念必须吃透:1.什么是定语从句;2.什么是关系词。　　关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as;关系副词有where, when, why。关系词常有三个作用:①引导定语从句;②代替先行词;③在定语从句中担当一个成分。　　另外，定语从句被分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，两者几乎没有区别，写作中要注意的是:　　①非限制性定语从句和它前面的先行词(被定语从句所修饰的名词)要用逗号隔开;　　②非限制性定语从句不能用that引导。关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that, as)引导的定语从句Children who abroad will have a good opportunity to experience adifferent culture.(划线部分为定语从句，作定语修饰前面的先行词“children",关系代词“who”在定语从句中担当主语的成分。)　　出国留学的孩子将会有体验一种不同文化的好机会。　　Those students hold a foreign degreeseem to be more confident,independent, and worldly wise.　　拥有外国学位的学生似乎更加自信、独立、善于跟人打交道。　　Children their parents encourage to take part-time jobswill adapt to thesociety better in the future.(划线部分为定语从句，作定语修饰前面的先行词“children”，关系代词“whom”在定语从句中担当动词encourage的宾语。) 受父母鼓励做兼职工作的孩子在未来将会更好地适应社会。　　Teachers we learn the most knowledgecan never be replaced by computers.　　我们可以从老师那里学到多的知识，他们永远也不会被电脑代替。　　Childrenparents" guidance is consistent and rationalwill have more self-confidence.(划线部分为定语从句，作定语修饰前面的先行词“children",关系代词“whose”在定语从句中作定语，修饰“parents" guidance”, “who separents" guidance”合起来在定语从句中作主语。) 在家长合理的、始终如一的教导方针指导下，孩子将会更自信。　　The river banks are covered with treesflows to the sea.　　那条两岸树木繁茂的河流向着大海流去。　　上句还可改为以下两种句式:　　The riverthe banks are covered with treesflows to the sea.　　The river banks are covered with treesflows to the sea.　　上面三句句意完全一样，只是用了不同的关系代词，建议用第一种(因为简单);接下来的后两种当然也可以用(向考官显示你的语法神功)，但一定要记准确，有些学生容易漏掉“the” (漏掉“the”会被判为语法错误)，这样的话就大意失荆州了!　　Advertisements often urge people to buy thingsthey do not need.(划线部分为定语从句，作定语修饰前面的先行词“things”，关系代词“which”在定语从句中作动词“need”的宾语。) 广告经常怂恿人们购买他们不需要的东西。　　　　This is the question the United Nations have been discussing heatedly in the past five years.(划线部分为定语从句，作定语修饰前面的先行词“the question”，关系代词“which”在定语从句中作介词“about”的宾语，注意不能用“that” ) 这就是联合国在过去5年里一直在激烈争论的问题。　　The Internet is a tool can expand one"s horizon.(划线部分为定语从句，作定语修饰前面的先行词“a tool”，关系代词“that”，在定语从句中作主语。)互联网是一个能够拓展人们视野的工具。　　Balanced food intake, food variety ，and an active lifestyle are the only thingswill prevent people from getting overweight.(划线部分为定语从句，作定语修饰前面的先行词“the only things”，关系代词“that”在定语从句中作主语。)　　均衡的食物摄入、食物的多样性和积极的生活方式是防止人们肥胖的罕有的途径。　　如果先行词是everything, nothing, something, anything，关系代词用that;但如果先行词是all, none, much, little等不定代词时，关系代词只能用that。　　先行词是形容词高级、序数词以及only，very, few, much, some, any, no修饰时，只能用that，而不能用which, who或whom。　　As has been discussed above,+主句　　As has been mentioned previously,+主句　　As has been analyzed previously,+主句　　此句型是总结全文的必备句型，逗号后面是主句，是总结的内容。　　has been discussed above, we can safely draw a conclusion that the merits of studying abroad far outweigh the demerits.　　根据以上的讨论，我们可以得出一个结论—出国留学的好处远远大于其坏处。　　the Internet is a double-edged sword.　　众所周知，互联网是一把双刃剑。　　chicken has the largest proportion, which makes up 40%; while fish has the lowest percentage, at 10%.　　如饼图所示，鸡肉占的比例大，占40%;而鱼肉占的比例小，占10%。　　以上划线部分为定语从句，作定语修饰后面的整个主句，关系代词“as”指代逗号后面的整个主句，在定语从句中作主语。如果你认为这个不太好理解的话，完全可以不管，只需要记住这些句型，然后在写作中运用“乾坤大挪移”、“生搬硬套”就行了!