天天通讯!英语的时态总结

2023-02-18 10:58:33 来源:教育快报网


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英语学习或者考试中时态的题是屡出不穷,然而时间决定时态,动词表示时态,根据句子中的时间状语(或某些可表示时间的特征词、上下文等)可确定一个句子的时态,下面是英语的时态总结,大家一起来看看吧!英语的时态总结:(1)如果句中有always,usually,often,sometimes,every day,on Sundays,once a month等类似的时间状语,句子多用一般现在时。(2)如果句中有yesterday(morning),last week,in 2003,three months ago,the day before yesterday等类似的时间状语,句子多用一般过去时。(3)如果句中有tomorrow(afternoon),next year,in a few days,in a few years等时间状语,句子用一般将来时.(4)如果句中有时间状语now,句首有“Look!”、“Listen!”、“Be quiet!”、“Hurry!”等警示语,句子多用现在进行时。(5)如果句中有“at that time,this time yesterday,at eight last night,the whole afternoon”等时间状语,句子多用过去进行时。(6)如果句中有already,yet,just,ever,never等时间副词,in the past(1ast)five years,for+时间段或since+时间点或从句,句子多用现在完成时。(7)如果句中有“when/after/before+从句,by/by the end of+(过去的)时间”,多用过去完成时。when习惯上不与现在完成时连用:■when 表示“何时”“什么时候”时,可用于过去时态或将来时态,但通常不用于现在完成时。如:你什么时候和他首次见面的?误:When have you first met him?正:When did you first meet him?■但是,since when 可以与现在完成时连用。如:Since when have you lived here? 你从什么时候起住在这里的?Since when have you become active? 你什么时候开始变得积极了?Since when do you read newspapers? 你什么时候开始读报的?That was in 1949, since when things have been better. 那时是1949年,从那以后情况就好些了。ago习惯上不与现在完成时连用:■在通常情况下 ago 只与过去时连用,而不与现在完成时连用。因为ago指的是多久以前的过去时间,而现在完成时表示的动作虽然发生在过去,但它强调的是与现在的联系或对现在的影响,因此两者不能用在一起。如:我两个月前见过他。误:I have seen him two months ago.正:I saw him two months ago.■但是,有时为了行文的需要或使句子生动,ago可用于类似以下这样的句子:I had thought that he had died at least 20 years ago. 我原以为他至少在20年前就已经去世了。■以下句子 ago 虽然连用了动词的“完成式”,但并不是“完成时”。如:If she’d had the chance, she’d rather have lived 100 years ago. 如有可能,她宁愿生活在100年以前。If I had been Jane, I’d have walked out on him years ago. 如果我是珍妮,我几年前就离开他了。in case 后从句的时态:■原则上说,若主句为现在时态,则从句也用现在时态;主句为过去时态,从句也用过去时态。如:I always keep candles in the house in case there is a power cut. 我家里常备有蜡烛,以防断电。I wrote down her address in case I forgot it. 我记下了她的住址,免得忘了。He wasn’t going to use his car in case somebody recognized it. 他不打算用自己的汽车,因为怕有人认出他的车。■有时从句也可用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气(不管主句为现在时态还是过去时态)。如:I don’t let him go out in this weather in case he should catch cold. 我不让他这种天气出去以防他会感冒。I’ve bought a chicken in case your friend should stay to lunch. 我买了一只鸡,免得你的朋友万一留下来吃午饭没菜。■注意,当主句为将来时态时,从句谓语不能用将来时态,而要用一般现在时表示将来意义。如:I’ll keep a seat for you in case you change your mind. 我给你留一个座位,以防你会改变主意。
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