英语状态动词的用法

2023-02-21 10:48:40 来源:教育之家


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“状态动词”是与“动作动词”“行为动词”相比较而言的。有些动词一般不用进行时形式,它们不表示动作而表示状态(如感受、状况等),所以叫做状态动词。下面小编告诉你英语状态动词的用法,大家一起来看看吧!英语状态动词的用法:1. 最基本的状态动词——系动词be系动词 be 是最基本的状态动词。如:They are of equal height. 他们一样高。China is in the east of Asia. 中国位于亚洲的东部。He was the elder of the two sons. 他是两个儿子中较大的。She was away for quite a time. 她已经离开了相当一段时间。The movie was boring. 这电影使人厌烦。2. 表示感觉的动词这类动词主要指一些不由自主的动作,如feel, hear, see, smell等,同时也包括notice和observe (=notice)以及用作连系动词的feel, look, taste等。如:She doesn’t/can’t hear very well. 她听觉不灵。We all felt the earthquake tremors. 我们都感觉到地震时的颤动。He looked for her but couldn’t see her in the crowd. 他寻找她, 但人群中看不见有她。注意,同一个动词有时意思不同,它的性质也不同。比较:The man looks interesting. 那个男子好像很有意思。(look状态动词)The man is looking out of the window. 那个男子在往窗外看。(look行为动词)3. 表示感情和情绪的动词这类如admire (=respect), adore, appreciate (=value), care for (=like), desire, detest, dislike, fear, hate, like, loathe, love, mind (=care), respect, value, want, wish等。The Japanese admire the traditions of the Chinese. 日本人羡慕中国人的传统。Even if she laughs at him, he adores her. 尽管她嘲笑他,他还是很喜欢她。You can’t fully appreciate foreign literature in translation. 看翻译作品很难欣赏到外国文学的精髓。We all desire happiness and health. 我们都希望幸福和健康。Many teachers dislike marking piles of exercise books. 许多教师都厌烦批改大堆的作业。I hate to say this but I don’t think they’re kidding. 我不愿这样说,但我认为他们不是在开玩笑。注意,同一个动词有时意思不同,它的性质也不同。比较:He doesn’t care much for music. 他不大喜欢音乐。(care for为状态动词)They cared for the child day and night. 他们日夜照看这个孩子。(care for为行为动词)4. 表示精神活动的动词这类动词如agree, appreciate (=understand), assume, believe, expect (=think), feel (=think), feel sure / certain, forget, know, mean, perceive, realize, recall, recongnize, recollect, remember, see (=understand), suppose, think (=have an opinion), trust (=believe / have confidence in), understand等。I agree that your plan is better. 我同意你的计划好一些。I appreciate your problem, but I don’t think I can help you. 我理解你的困难, 但却爱莫能助。People believe / know / suppose / think that he is living abroad. 据信 / 据知 / 据猜测 / 据认为他住在国外。5. 表示拥有的动词这类动词如have, belong, owe, own, possess等。I belong to a local athletics club. 我是本地竞技俱乐部的成员。We owe you loads of money. 我们欠你许多钱。He behaves as if he owned the place. 他的所作所为好像他是这个地方的主人。They possess property all over the world. 他们在世界各地均拥有财产。We have the same make of car, but yours is different from mine. 我们的汽车都是一个牌子,但是你的与我的却不一样。6. 其他动词如appear (=seem), concern, consist, contain, hold (=contain), keep (=continue), matter, seem, signify, sound (=seem / appear)等。Don’t make him appear a fool. 别把他弄得像个傻子似的。The committee consists of ten members. 委员会由十人组成。The atlas contains forty maps. 这地图集共有四十幅地图。Does it matter if we’re a bit late? 我们晚到一会儿有关系吗?英语四类状态动词:状态动词一般分为四种,注意一般不用于进行时。一、动词be(是)和动词have(有)。例如:The girl is a pupil. 这个女孩是学生。He has several shirts of different colors. 他有好几件颜色不同的衬衫。二、含有状态动词be和have的意义的动词,如:belong to, contain, differ from, matter, own等。这类状态动词通常都不可以用于进行时。例如:That box contains some books. 那个盒子里面装有一些书。不说:That dictionary is belonging to me.三、表示五官感觉的动词,如 hear, see, feel, taste, smell等。例如:The old man doesn’t hear very well. 那位老人听觉不太好。不说:The old man isn’t hearing very well.The cake tastes delicious. 这蛋糕味道真好。不说:The meat is tasting delicious.四、表示心理或情感状态的动词,如 believe, consider, expect, imagine, regret,remember等。这类动词通常也都不用于进行时。例如:He considers Tom to be honest. 他认为Tom为人诚实。什么叫动态动词与静态动词:根据词义特点,动词可分为动态动词和静态动词。动态动词主要指动作动词,而静态动词则主要指表示情感、内心活动、感觉、相互关系等的动词:He wrote some letters. 他写了一些信。(write 为动态动词)The girls are dancing. 女孩子们在跳舞。(dance 为动态动词)I think he is honest. 我认为他是诚实的。(think 和is均为静态动词)Everyone likes her. 人人都喜欢她。(like 为静态动词)有的动词既可用作静态动词也可用作动态动词,只是含义不同:He has a lot of friends. 他有许多朋友。(have为静态动词)He is having supper. 他在吃晚饭。(have为动态动词)什么叫延续性动词与非延续性动词:根据动作是否延续,动词可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词:延续性动词就是指所表示的动作可以延续的动词,非延续性动词就是指所表示的动作不可以延续的动词。如:It rained for three days. 下了三天雨。(rain为延续性动词)He stayed away from the class for two days. 他两天没去上课。(stay为延续性动词)I waited for you for half an hour. 我等了你半个钟头。(wait为延续性动词)We watched the country out of the window. 从窗口我们眺望田野。(watch为延续性动词)She arrived yesterday evening. 她是昨天晚上到的。(arrive为非延续性动词)He left here three days ago. 他三天前就离开了。(leave为非延续性动词)They came to a wide river. 他们来到一条宽阔的河边。(come为非延续性动词)Mother bought us some new clothes. 妈妈给我们买了一些新衣服。(buy为非延续性动词)I found a wallet on the sidewalk. 我在人行道上发现一个皮夹子。(find为非延续性动词)
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