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非谓语动词,即不定式、-ing分词和-ed分词作定语的用法较灵活是高考重点考查内容之一。下面小编告诉你英语中动词做定语用法,大家一起来看看吧!英语中动词做定语用法:1. 不定式作定语,要放在它所修饰的名词之后,表示一个将来的动作。如:They have three tickets to spare. 他们多三张票。She has plenty of clothes to wear. 她有足够的衣服穿。2. 分词作定语,单个的放在所修饰的名词前(left 等除外),短语放在所修饰的名词后。现在分词表示其动作正在发生或与谓语同时发生,过去分词表示其动作已经完成或没有时间性;在逻辑上被修饰的名词与现在分词是主谓关系,与过去分词是被动关系。She is a trained nurse. 她是一个受过训练的护士。There are no places left to sit on the train. 火车上没有座位可坐了。There is a gentleman asking to see you. 有一位先生要求见你。注:现在分词的完成式通常只作状语,而不能作定语。3. 动名词作定语,只放在名词前,说明该名词的性能或用途,不表动作,被修饰的名词与-ing 形式在逻辑上没有主谓关系。如:The doctor told me not to take sleeping pills. 医生叫我不要服安眠药。4. to be done, being done, done 均可用作定语,且都表示被动意义,其区别在于:to be done 表示将来,being done 表示目前正在发生,done 表示过去已经发生。如:The house to be built next year is a cinema. 明年建的那座房子是家电影院。The house being built now is a cinema. 现在正在建的房子是家电影院。The house built last year is a cinema. 去年建的那座房子是家电影院。动词mean的重要用法与重要考点:1. 表示“打算”,主语只能是人,其后可接不定式,但不接动名词。如:I mean to get to the top by sunrise. 我打算在日出时到达山顶。Do forgive me—I didn’t mean to interrupt. 真对不起——我不是有意打扰你。若表示过去未曾实现的打算,即表示本来打算做但并未做成的事,通常用过去完成时,有时在不引起误解的情况下也可用一般过去时。如:We had meant to be early, but we got up too late. 我们本来想早点来的,但起床起迟了。I (had) meant to come, but something happened. 我本想来,但有事就没有来。以上意思有时也用“meant to have+过去分词”来表示。如:I meant to have told you about it yesterday.=I had meant to tell you about it yesterday. 我本来打算昨天把这事告诉你的。2. 表示“意味着”“需要”等,句子主语一般是事物(有时也可用 it, this, that 等),其后可接动名词,但不接不定式。如:This illness will mean going to hospital. 得了这种病就意味着要住院。He is determined to get a seat even if it means standing in a queue all night. 即使要整夜排队,他也决心要买到票。比较并体会以下句子:If we mean to catch the early bus, that means getting up before five. 要想赶早班车,我们就得在5点钟以前起床。这样用时也可接后that从句作宾语。如:This discovery means that we will spend less on food. 这一发现意味着我们将减少在食品上的花费。注:当要解释词义时,其后可接不定式。如:“Gaze” means to keep one’s eyes turned in a particular direction for a long time. gaze的意思是使视线长时间对着某方向。3. 表示“有意义”“有价值”,通常与 much, little, a lot, a great deal, nothing, everything, anything 等词连用。如:Money means nothing to me. 钱对我来说是无所谓的。You don’t know how much you mean to me. 你不知道我多么喜欢你。like与love用法的共同点与不同点:两者用作动词时意思相近,在用法上注意以下几点:1. 后接动词时,用不定式或动名词均可,且在意义上没有多大差别。如:Children love playing [to play]. 儿童爱玩。I like walking [to walk] in the rain. 我喜欢在雨中行走。不定式或动名词前可以有逻辑主语。如:I don’t like you smoking [to smoke]. 我不喜欢你抽烟。I love him reading [to read] to me in bed. 我喜欢在床上听他给我读点什么。但是若与would, should 连用,表示“想要”“希望”等,其后通常只接不定式,而不接动名词;如果是表示过去未曾实现的想法,其后可接不定式的完成式。如:I’d like [love] to use your phone. 我想借用一下你的电话。I’d love [like] to have taken him round the factory, but I was too busy. 我本想带他去厂里看看,但我太忙了。(2) 如果要加强喜欢的程度,不能用very修饰,而通常是用very much(其位置是放在 like 之前或like的宾语之后)。如:我很喜欢这部电影。正:I very much like this film.正:I like this film very much.误:I very like this film. /I like very much this film.(3) 关于动词like的修饰语还有以下两点须注意:①much 也可修饰like, 但只限于否定句和疑问句,不用于肯定句。如:误:She likes him much. /She much likes him.正:She doesn’t like him much. 她不怎么喜欢他。正:Does she like him much? 她很喜欢他吗?②有趣的是,deeply可以修饰动词love, 但不能修饰like。如:误:She likes her husband deeply.正:She loves her husband deeply. 她深深地爱着她丈夫。(4) 表示“更喜欢”时,既可用like (love) …better,也可用like (love) …more。两者的细微区别是 :连用than时多用more,不连用than时多用better。如:I like tennis more than I like football. 与足球相比,我更喜欢网球。After a few weeks I got to like the job better. 几个星期以后,我逐渐更喜欢这个工作了。(5) 在通常情况下(即除了一些固定表达外),like和love一般只用作及物动词,所以在以下各句中 like 后的 it 通常不能省略。如:A:Do you like English? 你喜欢英语吗?B:Yes, I like it. (or Yes, I do). 喜欢。She won’t like [love] it if you arrive late. 她不喜欢人迟到。I don’t like [love] it when she tells me how to do things. 我不喜欢她对我做事指手划脚。有的词典将 like [love] it if (when)... 作为一个句型看待。invite用法要点归纳:1. 表示“邀请”,通常为及物动词,注意以下搭配:(1) invite sb to [for] sth 邀请某人(参加)做某事He invited me to dinner (a party, a wedding). 他邀请我参加宴会(晚会、婚礼)。Why don’t you invite him for a drink (a meal)? 你为什么不邀请他喝一杯(吃饭)?(2) invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事They invited her to go for a walk. 他们请她一起去散步。I’ve been invited to speak at the meeting. 我受到邀请在会上发言。有时若意思明确可省略不定式。如:He didn’t invite us (to come) in. 他没有请我们进屋。He invited us (to come) to a party. 他邀请我们参加聚会。有时以上几类结构可互换:他邀请我们吃饭。正:He invited us to [for] dinner.正:He invited us to have dinner.2. 有时不以人宾语,而以事作宾语。如:Conversation flowed freely when the speaker invited discussion. 演讲人请大家讨论,于是人人畅所欲言。After his speech he invited questions and comments (from the audience). 他讲完话后请听众提问题和意见。有时转指招致不好的东西(并非本意)。如:Leaving the windows open is inviting thieves to enter. 窗户不关犹如开门揖盗。Copyright 2015-2022 魔方网版权所有 备案号:京ICP备2022018928号-48 联系邮箱:315 54 11 85 @ qq.com