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番禺伯乐英语培训学校IntensiveAgricultureIntensiveAgricultureinagriculturaleconomics,isasystemofcultivationusinglargeamountsoflabourandcapitalrelativetolandarea.Largeamountsoflabourandcapitalarenecessarytotheapplicationoffertilizer,insecticides,fungicides,andherbicidestogrowingcrops,andcapitalisparticularlyimportanttotheacquisitionandmaintenanceofhigh-efficiencymachineryforplanting,cultivating,andharvesting,aswellasirrigationequipmentwherethatisrequired. Optimaluseofthesematerialsandmachinesproducessignificantlygreatercropyieldsperunitoflandthanextensiveagriculture,whichuseslittlecapitalorlabour.Asaresult,afarmusingintensiveagriculturewillrequirelesslandthananextensiveagriculturefarmtoproduceasimilarprofit.Inpractice,however,theincreasedeconomiesandefficienciesofintensiveagricultureoftenencouragefarmoperatorstoworkverylargetractsinordertokeeptheircapitalinvestmentsinmachineryproductivelyengagedi.e.busy. Ontheleveloftheory,theincreasedproductivityofintensiveagricultureenablesthefarmertousearelativelysmallerlandareathatislocatedclosetomarket.Wherelandvaluesarehighrelativetolabourandcapital,andthisistrueinmanypartsoftheworld.Ifcostsoflabourandcapitaloutlaysformachineryandchemicals,andcostsofstorage(wheredesiredorneeded)andtransportationtomarketaretoohigh,thenfarmersmayfinditmoreprofitabletoturntoextensiveagriculture. However,inpracticemanyrelativelysmall-scalefarmersemploysomecombinationofintensiveandextensiveagriculture,andmanyoftheseoperaterelativelyclosetomarkets.Manylarge-scalefarmoperators,especiallyinsuchrelativelyvastandagriculturallyadvancednationsasCanadaandtheUnitedStates,practiceintensiveagricultureinareaswherelandvaluesarerelativelylow,andatgreatdistancesfrommarkets.andfarmenormoustractsoflandwithhighyields.However,insuchsocietiesoverproduction(beyondmarketdemands)oftenresultsindiminishedprofitasaresultofdepressedprices. 标签:
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